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The item commonly used for nail filing is the file board. A file board is specifically designed to shape and smooth the edges of the nails. It has a rough texture that assists in filing down the nail length or creating specific shapes such as square or oval.

While other tools mentioned may have their own purposes in nail care, they do not serve the primary function of filing. A metal pusher is primarily used for pushing back cuticles, helping to maintain the area around the nail. A cuticle nipper is intended for trimming excess cuticle skin and would not be effective for filing nails. A buffer, on the other hand, is used more for shining and smoothing the surface of the nail rather than for shaping and filing.

Understanding the specific uses for each tool enhances the effectiveness of nail care practices, ensuring that each step is performed using the appropriate implement.